Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
7.2.5 Concluding Remarks
It is important to incorporate an energy performance directive as a standard
in this region; such a goal will aid energy savings in large buildings and will
help set regulations for energy-efficient designs that are based on standard
calculation methods. Recommendations include
1. Develop standardised tools for the calculation of the energy perfor-
mance of buildings.
2. Define system boundaries for the different building categories and
different heating systems.
3. Prepare models for expressing requirements on indoor air quality,
thermal comfort in winter and when appropriate in summer, visual
comfort and so forth.
4. Define comparable energy related key values (kWh/m
2
, kWh
per person, kWh per apartment, kWh per produced unit etc.) in
order to develop a common procedure for an energy performance
certificate.
5. Design, construct and operate a solar decathlon (building) that can
meet the rural and desert requirements and save the diminishing
fossil fuel sources
a.
Is the energy needed to fulfil the user's requirements for heating,
lighting, cooling and so on, according to levels that are specified
for the purposes of the calculation?
b. Do the natural energy gains (passive solar, ventilation cooling,
daylighting and so on) together with internal gains (occupants,
lighting, electrical equipment, etc.) reduce energy demand in
the winter season but increase energy demand in the summer
season?
c. Is the building's net energy use, obtained from (1) and (2) along
with the characteristics of the building itself? [In winter season,
(2) is lower than (1), but in summer, (2) is greater than (1).]
d. Is the delivered energy, represented separately for each energy
carrier, inclusive of auxiliary energy, used by heating, cooling,
ventilation, hot water and lighting systems, taking into account
renewable energy sources and cogeneration? This may be
expressed in energy units or in units of the energy ware (kg, m³,
kW h etc.).
e.
Is renewable energy produced on the building premises?
f. Is generated energy produced on the premises and exported to
the market? This can include part of (5).
g.
Does it represent the primary energy usage or the CO
2
emissions
associated with the building.
