Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
6. Cabinets, shelves and work surfaces that are permanently attached
to the building before occupancy. Emissions of these items shall be
obtained in accordance with the ANSI/BIFMA Standard M7.1.
7. Office furniture systems and seating installed prior to initial occu-
pancy. Emissions from these items shall be obtained in accordance
with the ANSI/BIFMA Standard M7.1.
Exception to 6.2.14.2 are salvaged materials that have not been refurbished
or refinished within one year prior to installation.
6.3 Rating Systems of Energy-Efficient Buildings
6.3.1 Introduction
Attempts to adequately design an optimum HVAC airside system that
furnishes comfort and air quality in air-conditioned spaces with efficient
energy consumption comprise is a great challenge. Air conditioning identi-
fies the conditioning of air for maintaining specific conditions of tempera-
ture, humidity and dust levels inside an enclosed space. The conditions to
be maintained are dictated by the need for which the conditioned space is
intended and for the comfort of users. So, the air conditioning embraces
more than cooling or heating. The comfort air conditioning is defined as 'the
process of treating air to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity,
cleanliness and distribution to meet the comfort requirements of the occu-
pants of the conditioned space' [13]. Air conditioning, therefore, includes the
entire heat exchange operation as well as the regulation of velocity, thermal
radiation and quality of air, as well as the removal of foreign particles and
vapours. Achieving occupant comfort and health is the result of a collab-
orative effort of environmental conditions, such as indoor air temperature,
relative humidity, airflow velocity, pressure relationship, air movement effi-
ciency, contaminant concentration, illumination and visual comfort, sound
and noise, and other factors. In the holistic approach, the totality of the effects
of the heat sink and sources in the building and the technical building sys-
tems that are recoverable for space conditioning are typically considered in
the calculation of the thermal energy needs.
Because the technical building thermal system losses depend on the
energy input, which itself depends on the recovered system thermal sources,
iteration might be required.
The calculation procedure can be devised as follows:
1. Subsystem calculations are first performed as per prevailing stan-
dards and that will be followed by determination of the recoverable
thermal system losses.
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