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commented that he chose Gallery because the
lack of this feature in Image Exchange but other-
wise he would have preferred Image Exchange.
of them that all images were transferred to the
service and not only the ones that they will pub-
lish. Image browsing, both with own and online
images, felt very fast and commenting also proved
to be more useful in Image Exchange as indicated
by the significant difference in the score to the
question “I found commenting useful” (p=0.001).
Although Gallery was very hard to configure
in the beginning, the basic usage afterwards was
quite simple and easy. However, as the image
collection was not in sync in between Gallery
and Flickr, the participants commented that they
needed to manually upload all the images that
they were going to publish. In addition, when they
wanted to check the latest photos that other users
had published, the online image collection was not
always up-to-date since it is dependent on when
the automatic update was done. If the automatic
update was done only occasionally or not on at
all, the participants needed to manually update
the online image collection. The manual update
sometimes took too long for the participants to
actually view the latest images if one had only a
couple of minutes when, for example, waiting for
a bus. This irritated the participants and lowered
the scores of Gallery in the overall evaluation. The
same applies also for commenting. Even though
the comments were easily accessible, the hassle
with updating the content lowered the usefulness
of commenting.
Overall Evaluation
The results of the overall evaluations are shown in
Figure 7. We used a 5-point Likert scale, 1 meaning
that a user disagrees with the statement and 5 that
he or she agrees. The questions aim at evaluating
the overall experience of the applications.
The results show that Image Exchange was
preferred in all questions. Especially, the start of
use was significantly easier in Image Exchange
(p=0.00001): The automatic registration was very
easy and the instructions were helpful. In regard
to Gallery, the participants commented that the
registration to Flickr was too laborious to do on
a mobile device. Most of the participants spent
1-2 hours to complete the registration on their
mobile devices.
Compared to Gallery, Image Exchange also
scored significantly better in the questions “Using
the service was easy after a while” (p=0.011), “I
would use the service to publish images also later
on” (p=0.0005), and “I enjoyed my time with the
service” (p=0.0003). As the participants enjoyed
their time with Image Exchange, they would gladly
continue using it also in the future. The participants
commented that they were pleased with the fast
uploading of images, although it surprised some
Figure 7. The overall evaluation with standard deviation
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