Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
N
79 23' 05”
79
38' 20”
13
38
'
29”
13
38
'
Sulfate
29”
Location
< 1,755
1,755 - 2,207
2,207 - 2,659
13
36
'
23”
13
2,659 - 3,111
36
'
> 3,111
23”
79
23' 05”
79
38' 20”
0
375
750
1,500
2,250
3,000
Meters
Fig. 2
Spatial distribution of sulphate
N
79
23' 05”
79
38' 20”
13
13
38
'
Nitrate
38'
29”
29”
Location
< 500
500 - 800
800 - 1,100
13
13
1,100 - 1,400
36
'
36
'
23”
23”
> 1,400
79
23' 05”
79
38' 20”
0
375 750
1,500
2,250
3,000
Meters
Fig. 3
Spatial distribution of nitrate
in the western region of the study area (SVUC), whereas small pocket of higher
concentration is seen in northwestern region (BN). Refuse dumps could emit large
amount of HCl and HF when being smashed or incinerated. NH
4
particles are
formed when these acidic gases may react with NH
3
vapour or condense on an
acidic particle surface of anthropogenic origin. Spatial distribution of Na is shown
in Fig.
5
and is found to be consistent all over the map, except some low concentra-
tion pockets seen in the southwest corner region (TG) and a higher pocket is seen in
the centre (GR) of the study area. Figure
6
shows the spatial distribution of Cl in the
study area. It can be seen from Fig.
6
that the high concentrations were observed in
the centre of the map (GR and RC), whereas, lower concentration pockets are seen
at western parts of the study area (SVUC). These higher concentrations may be due
to waste incinerations. As the study area is far away from sea coast the main sources
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