Analysis of Leachate Characteristics to Study Coal Ash Usability - Management of Natural Resources in a Changing Environment - page 233

Table 2 Chemical composition of coal ash samples (%)
Sample no. SiO 2 R 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 CaO MgO LOI

1 85.8 6 0.3 5.7 1.1 0.7 0.11

2 84 5.5 1.5 4 0.9 0.6 0.12

3 87.6 5.9 0.1 5.8 0.7 0.9 0.10

4 90 6.7 0.2 6.5 1.3 0.6 0.03

5 88.3 3.5 1 2.4 0.6 0.6 0.04

a b c

Element Mass% Element Mass% Element Mass%

C 22.62 O 66.14 O 63.41

O 53.14 Al 11.41 Al 13.53

Al 8.14 Si 21.39 Si 22.27

Si 15.29 Ca 0.02 Ca 0.01

Ca 0.19 TI 0.52 TI 0.37

Ti 0.18 Fe 0.22 Fe 0.42

Fe 0.37

Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3

d e

Element Mass% Element Mass%

C 28.57 C 17.06

O 53.20 O 49.70

Al 8.22 Al 13.12

Si 9.41 Si 14.64

Ca 0.02 Ca 0.27

Ti 0.25 Ti 0.99

Fe 0.33 Fe 4.20

Sample 4 Sample 5

Fig. 1 SEM and EDXA analysis

analyse the closer particle view of the coal ash samples shown in Fig. 1 . SEM studies
carried out shows that fl y ashes are fi ne particles compared to bottom ashes (Powell
et al. 1991 ). Pond ashes consist of both fi ner and coarser particles. Investigations
show that the coal ash particles are generally cenospheres. They also confi rm that
fl y ash particles are fi ner compared to bottom ash particles and the pond ash