Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 3
Selected toxicity comparison studies of modifi ed/unmodifi ed carbon nanotubes
Modifi ed product
Test
Results
References
SWCNT without modifi cation
Albumin absorption and
anti-infl ammatory response
Inhibited albumin absorption and
anti- infl ammatory response
Dutta et al. (
2007
)
SWCNT after polymer coating with Pluronic F127
SWCNTs
Cytotoxic response of human
dermal fi broblast cells
Cytotoxic response of human dermal
fi broblast cells was dependent on the
degree of functionalisation of SWCNTs.
This sidewall functionalisation was
also substantially less cytotoxic than
surfactant- stabilised SWCNTs
Sayes et al. (
2006
)
Functionalisation of SWCNTs with addition of phenyl-(COOH)2 or phenyl-SO3H m
oieties
MWCNT
Emission levels of various
types of carbon nanoparticles
in laboratory activities
Emissions were higher for raw MWCNT
Johnson et al.
(
2010
)
MWCNT-OH
Functionalisation of SWCNTs following
the 1,3-dipolar cyclo-addition reaction
and the oxidation/amidation treatment
The impact of functionalised
carbon on cells of the
immune system
Both types of f-CNTs are uptaken by
B and T lymphocytes as well as macrophages
in vitro, without affecting cell viability
Dumortier et al.
(
2006
)
CNTs modifi ed with suitable biomimetic
polymers
Demonstrated a strategy for
interfacing biocompatible
CNTs with cell surfaces
Carbon nanotubes modifi ed with suitable
biomimetic polymers are found to be
biocompatible while the uncoated carbon
nanotubes lead to cell death.
Chen et al. (
2006
)
CNTs
Cytotoxicity
Unfunctionalised CNTs show potent
cytotoxicity toward alveolar macrophages,
HacaT cells, and HEK293 cells
Jia et al. (
2005
)
and Shvedova
et al. (
2003
)
Functionalised SWCNTs
Histology and Raman
microscopic mapping
Functionalised SWCNTs persisted within
liver and spleen macrophages for 4 months
without apparent toxicity.
Schipper et al.
(
2008
)
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