Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 2
Different uses of biogas
site then it must be stored in biogas balloons and taken to the site of utilisation or it
can be transported by pipelines. Hence raw biogas being economical and easily
available can fulfi l the basic cooking and electricity needs of rural people.
Upgrading biogas widens the scope of its utilisation. When produced in central-
ised plants in large quantities, upgraded biogas can be injected directly into the
natural gas grid and then dispensed into vehicles as a transport fuel. In developing
countries, biogas is produced mainly in small to medium-size decentralised biogas
plants, hence upgrading and then injection into the grid is not possible due to limita-
tions in quantity and quality and cost constraints. For the purposes of feeding-in,
however, the gas must meet the quality specifi cations of the relevant legal provi-
sions and may only deviate within the range of these quality standards.
Adaptability of Bottled Biogas in Natural Gas
Infrastructure and Network in India
With a large number of Indian cities implementing the natural gas vehicle pro-
gramme, consumption has increased rapidly within the past decade. As per the
Ministry of Petroleum, Government of India, India has an estimated current demand
for natural gas of around 57.32 billion m 3 year −1 , which is made up of around 45.58
billion m 3 year −1 from domestic supplies and the rest from imported LNG (Jain and
Sen 2011 ). India's future demand for gas could reach 113.61 billion m 3 year −1 by
2015 and 135 billion m 3 year −1 by 2025, depending on how the gas market develops
(Roychowdhury 2010 ). India currently has around 12,000 km of natural gas pipeline.
Most of these gas pipelines are in the northern and western regions and much
development is needed in southern, eastern and central regions. The network density
is low when compared with some of the more developed natural gas markets.
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