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7 Photovoltaic Plant Sizing: A Case Study
Due to the random nature of solar energy, great effort must be made to design PV
systems that optimize energy savings, self consumption and costs. In this section we
propose a PV sizing case study in the Italian scenario using the consumption pattern
of one of the previously considered household with an annual electrical con-
sumption of 2,300 KWh.
The key of the proposed sizing method is the self consumption percentage,
computed by the simulation tool. In Italy the government took the decision to cut
PV incentives on June 2013, instead of 2016 as previously expected. An example
on how PV incentives varied for a building integrated 3 kWp plant since their
introduction in 2005 is shown in Fig.
14
.
To provide support to PV industry a new net metering scheme has been amended
Regulatory Authority for Electricity and Gas (
2013
) and came into effect on 1st
January 2013. Under this decree PV system owners can get credits for the value of
the excess of electricity fed into the grid over a time period. Further encouraging
self-consumption, the Italian Revenue Agency introduced tax breaks for off-grid PV
systems installed on buildings.
A 3 year historical solar irradiance data set is used to calculate the output of a
varying size PV plant (1
3.5 kWp) and compared with the consumption pattern
computed by the simulator in order to obtain the self consumption percentage for
each considered PV plant size. A
-
financial evaluation technique is used to compare
the different investments under the revised Italian net metering scheme known as
“
scambio sul posto
”
in which GSE pays a contribution E
t
to the customer equal to:
Fig. 14 Year 2005
2013. Evolution of the Italian FITs, according to the Ministerial Decrees, for a
3 kWp building integrated PV plant
-
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