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f
2
ð
T
2
z
2
; h
2
Þ
¼
h
w
2
ð
z
2
Þ
ð
47
Þ
where
fixed a priori by the designer, and
h
2
is the adjustable parameter vector of the fuzzy system. Furthermore, the
functions
f
2
ð
w
2
ð
z
2
Þ
is the FBF vector, which is
z
2
Þ
can be approximated optimally (Wang
1993
,
1994
)as
follows
z
2
Þ
¼f
2
ð
z
2
; h
2
Þþe
2
ð
f
2
ð
z
2
Þ
ð
Þ
48
¼
h
2
w
2
ð
z
2
Þþe
2
ð
z
2
Þ
h
2
is the optimal parameter vector and
where
is the unavoidable
fuzzy approximation error which is assumed to be bounded (Boulkroune
et al.
2008
,
2009
,
2010a
,
b
; Wang
1993
,
1994
) as follows
e
2
ð
z
2
Þ
j
e
2
ð
z
2
Þ
j e
2
;
8
z
2
2 X
z
2
;
where
e
2
is an unknown constant.
From (
47
) and (
48
), we have
f
2
ð
z
2
Þ
¼f
2
ð
z
2
Þ
f
2
ð
z
2
; h
2
Þþ
f
2
ð
z
2
; h
2
Þ
¼ f
2
ð
z
2
; h
2
Þþ
z
2
Þ
f
2
ð
z
2
; h
2
Þ
ð
Þ
f
2
ð
49
¼
h
T
2
w
2
ð
z
2
Þþe
2
ð
z
2
Þ
To stabilise the dynamics (
46
), the following fuzzy adaptive controller is
proposed
2
e
3
j
2
e
jjþ r
3
e
r
4
t
j
T
u
2
¼
h
2
w
2
ð
z
2
Þk
2
e
3
ð
50
Þ
where
r
3
and
r
4
[
0
are small design constants,
k
2
is a positive design
j
2
¼
e
2
.
constant and
j
2
is the estimate of the unknown bound
Replacing (
50
) into (
46
) and using (
49
) yields
a
5
x
4
e
1
h
T
e
3
¼
ð
_
a
5
a
2
x
2
a
5
x
5
x
r
a
5
c
1
x
4
Þ
e
2
2
w
2
ð
z
2
Þ
ð
51
Þ
2
2
e
3
j
2
e
jj
þ r
3
e
r
4
t
j
þ e
2
ð
z
2
Þk
2
e
3
where h
2
¼
h
2
h
2
is the parameter error vector.
Multiplying (
51
)bye
3
, we get
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