Safety and safety planning - Tunnel Engineering: Basics and Additional Services for Design and Construction - page 330

Extinguishing water supply. A wet pipeline is to be installed to supply extinguishing
water. This is continued to the shield machine and extended with construction progress.
Connection points are to be provided every 50 m (fixed connection for 50 mm fire hose,
ball valve) .
In the tunnel, 800 l/min is supplied at 5 bar flow pressure. The internal diameter of the
pipeline is at least 80 mm. In addition, a water connection is provided for a small-diameter
hose, l = 50 m, every 100 m for people to help themselves. Employees are to be trained to
use extinguishing systems.
Fire extinguishers. Sufficient suitable fire extinguishers are to be placed in the shield tun-
nelling machine and other mobile machines (trains, cranes). Employees are to be trained
to use extinguishers.
Railway. Railways must be provided with a passing place every 500 m in the tunnel. The
railway must be suitable for transporting injured persons on stretchers and a mobile pres-
sure chamber. A spare locomotive and a material wagon are to be provided for use by the
fire service.
Escape. In the event of fire, it must be possible for persons working in the shield tunnel-
ling machine to escape. In order to assist this, a sufficient number of suitable emergency
escape breathing apparatuses is to be provided. The employed workers are to be trained
to use the devices.
Rescue container. For a tunnel of the length of 900 to 1,000 m, a rescue container is to
be provided to offer escaping persons protection against smoke, poisonous gases and va-
pours. The rescue container consists of two rooms to store equipment for the fire service
and to accommodate up to 10 people (> 5 m 2 ) and store escape equipment. In addition, the
container must be equipped with external ventilation with an excess pressure of 50 Pa and
a telephone. There can be no thermal insulation, or only non-flammable insulation, and no
windows. The container is also provided with safety lighting.
The safety container may not be positioned at the location of a railway switch.
Escape and rescue route signage. Escape routes are to be marked with signs every 50 m
(reflecting and persistent - in case the tunnel is provided with emergency lighting during
construction, persistence is not necessary). The distance to the exit is also to be shown.
Fire services exercise. Measures for fire service exercises are to be included.
8.7.2.3 Health protection concept
Contractors are to present concepts with measures to prevent the impairment of health.
Working time. Working times have to comply with §10 of the German employment law.
Exception permits of any type are to be applied for in good time from the “ Staatliches
Amt für Arbeitsschutz Köln” (STAFA). Only permitted working times can be considered
in the concepts.
Dust, diesel emissions. For conventional tunnelling, a special ventilation and extraction
concept is to be produced: