Safety and safety planning - Tunnel Engineering: Basics and Additional Services for Design and Construction - page 306

Austria. In Austria, the production, storage and transport of explosives is regulated in the
munitions and explosives law [198] and in the associated munitions and explosives mo-
nopoly regulations [199] and in the blasting caps regulations. The approval of explosives for
use in Austria is generally regulated in the explosives approval regulations for mining [224].
Addition regulations to the ADR in Austria for the transport of explosives by road are
included in the law concerning the transport of hazardous goods (GGSt) [81].
The necessary protection measures for the performance of blasting work are laid down in
the blasting works regulations, and special regulations for tunnelling are provided by the
13 th section of the construction worker protection regulations [15].

8.3 Integrated safety plan

8.3.1 The safety plan as a management plan
Safety as a comprehensive subject is already one of the objectives of a client in the design
phase. The designer should therefore include consideration of safety requirements in the
general project design, at the latest in the preliminary design. This makes safety a part of
quality management, together with the serviceability, cost-effectiveness and environmen-
tal acceptability of the works.

The integrated safety plan is therefore embedded in the utilisation plan and the quality
management plan for the tunnel. It should give information about the following areas:
- Safety objectives,
- Danger scenarios with risk analyses,
- Plan of measures with the measures to reduce or limit damage and injury and
- Rescue plan with the alarm organisation.

8.3.2 Safety objectives
In general, safety objectives are considered to have been achieved when risks of any type
have been reduced to a acceptable degree.
The safety plan should deal with safety objectives for safety at work, health protection and
environmental safety. Temporary excavation support is of particular significance because
on the one hand, it is described and evaluated as part of the structure in the utilisation plan,
and on the other hand early effectiveness of the temporary support is of great significance
for occupational safety, for example the early strength of shotcrete in the first hours.

8.3.3 Danger scenarios and risk analyses
The recognition of hazards is the most important part of a risk analysis because unrecog-
nised hazards are the most dangerous.
In order to describe a hazard rationally, the appropriate danger scenarios are first selected,
which can come from practical experience, communications capability, intuition or the