Environmental Engineering Reference
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Table 2 Anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria using reduced inorganic sulfur compounds as
electron donors (list incomplete).
Purple Sulfur Bacteria
Green Sulfur Bacteria
Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria
Allochromatium vinosum
Ancalochloris
Blastochloris
Amoebobacter
Chlorobaculum tepidum
Phaeovibrio
Chromatium
Chlorobium
Rhodobaca
Ectothiorhodosinus
Chloroherpeton
Rhodobacter capsulatus
Ectothiorhodospira
Clathrochloris
Rhodobium
Halochromatium
Pelodictyon
Rhodomicrobium
Halorhodospira halophila
Prosthecochloris
Rhodopila
Isochromatium
Rhodoplanes
Lamprobacter
Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Lamprocystis
Rhodospira
Marichromatium
Rhodospirillum rubrum
Rhabdochromatium
Rhodothallasium
Thermochromatium
Rhodovibrio
Thioalkalicoccus
Rhodovivax
Thiobaca
Rhodovulum
Thiocapsa roseopersicina
Roseospira
Roseospirillum
Thiococcus
Rubrivivax
Thiodictyon
Thiocystis
Thioflavicoccus
Thiolamprovum
Thiopedia
Thiophaeococcus
Thiorhodococcus
Thiorhodovibrio
Thiorhodospira
Thiospirillum
Model organisms and/or major species studied are written in bold.
A wide variety of CSB oxidize various inorganic sulfur compounds in nature.
Most of these bacteria are chemolithoautotrophs coupling sulfide oxidation with
nitrate or oxygen reduction. Based on comparative analysis of 16 rRNA sequences,
the known CSB are grouped into four phylogenetic lineages, one within the
Archaea and three within the Bacteria [
49
]. Most of the CSB belong to the phylum
Proteobacteria, in particular the class Gammaproteobacteria (
Thiomicrospira,
Thioalkalimicrobium, Thioalkalivibrio, Thiothrix, Thiohalospira, Thiohalomonas,
Halothiobacillus,
and the
Acidithiobacillaceae
)
,
the class Betaproteobacteria (
5
Thiobacillus
spp
.
and
Sulfuricella denitrificans
)
,
the class Alphaproteobacteria (
2
Starkeya
spp
.
and
Thioclava pacifica
), and the class Epsilonproteobacteria
(3
Sulfurimonas
spp.,
Sulfurovulum
, and
Thiovulum
) (Table
3
).
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