Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
ABBREVIATIONS
AFLP
Ampli
ed fragment length polymorphism
AM
association mapping
BSA
Bulked segregant analysis
CAPS
Cleaved ampli
ed polymorphism
CG
Candidate gene
DArT
Diversity Array Technology
GBS
Genotyping by sequencing
GC
Genomic control
GS
Genomic selection
GWA
Genome-wide association
GWAS
Genome-wide association scans
GWS
Genome-wide selection
HWE
Weinberg equilibrium
LD Linkage disequilibrium
MAGIC Multiparent advanced generation intercross
MAS
Hardy
-
Marker-assisted selection
NAM
Nested association mapping
PS
Population structure
QTL
Quantitative trait loci
RFLP
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
RIL
Recombinant inbred line
SNP
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
SSR
Simple sequence repeats
WGS
Whole-genome sequencing
I. INTRODUCTION
Association genetics is one of the novel approaches in plant genetics and
plant breeding that is currently gaining momentum. The principal goal
of association approaches is to determine the importance of various loci
or regions of the genome on the expression of a single or multiple traits.
Hence, association genetics involves mapped loci and hence the asso-
ciations that are sought are of a single or multiple traits with one or more
map locations. As a result of this focus on mapped loci, association
studies for the most part are known as association mapping (AM) in crop
genetics and the ultimate goal of these studies for different kinds of crops
is to identify marker
trait associations to use in marker-assisted
selection (MAS) strategies.
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