DIET/NUTRIENT INTERACTIONS WITH DRUG TRANSPORTERS - Drug Transporters: Molecular Characterization and Role in Drug Disposition - page 665

22

DIET/NUTRIENT INTERACTIONS
WITH DRUG TRANSPORTERS

XIAODONG WANG AND MARILYN E. MORRIS
University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, New York

22.1. Introduction
22.2. Diet/Nutrient Interactions with Drug Transporters
22.2.1. Interactions of Diet and Dietary Supplements with Drug Transporters
22.2.2. Interactions of Flavonoids with Drug Transporters
22.2.3. Interactions of Organic Isothiocyanates with Drug Transporters
22.3. Conclusions
References

22.1. INTRODUCTION

Dietary effects on drug pharmacokinetics have been well documented. 1 , 2 A number
of mechanisms are responsible for food-drug interactions, including alterations in
physiological conditions (e.g., gastric pH, gastric emptying, intestinal motility, hep-
atic blood or bile flow rate), complexation of drugs with dietary components, and
modulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes by dietary constituents. 3 , 4 Over the past
decade, numerous food-drug interaction studies have focused primarily on the effects
of diet on drug-metabolizing enzymes. Alterations in activities of drug-metabolizing
enzymes can subsequently change the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are substrates
of these enzymes. 4 − 6 Foods that contain complex mixtures of phytochemicals, such as