Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Ballast Water Management Decision and Action
Management decisions in this context are required BWM practices which are
selected on the basis of the RA result, vessels trustworthiness, and if the BWM
measures have already been undertaken the acceptability of these. Based on the RA
result and vessel's trustworthiness, the vessel may also be exempted from undertak-
ing BWM, or may be exposed to additional measures according to the level of risk
assessed. Such additional measures include to conduct BWE, deviate from its
intended route or slow down to conduct full BWE, treat ballast water with active
substances before discharge, discharge ballast water to a reception facility, or do not
discharge unmanaged ballast water.
Compliance Monitoring
Compliance monitoring is a process needed to back-up the port State requirements.
It is focused on the adequate and effective implementation of the requested BWM
practices. This process may be triggered by suspected false ballast water reporting
(e.g., ballast water discharge assessment (BWDA) result, vessels and/or crews trust-
worthiness), by suspected non-compliance, by RA (e.g., when high/extreme risk
ballast water is to be discharged), or by random vessel selection as part of the regu-
lar inspections process. A vessel selected for compliance monitoring will be
inspected, and if non-compliant the ballast water operation may have to be stopped,
and the vessel may be penalized.
Risk Assessment Review Process
A review process needs to be implemented which is critical for further improve-
ments of the BWM DSS process and results. The review process includes a re-
assessment of the RA procedure based on ballast water sampling results.
Generic Ballast Water Management Decision Support
System Model
The BWM DSS process starts with the vessel submitting the required data to enter
the port, and through the RA and BWM ends with the monitoring process and, if
necessary, result in corrective actions of the process. Throughout the entire process
is a dynamic fl ow of information exchange supported by adequate communication
processes and data management. Considering that there are a lot of different situa-
tions and issues (e.g., non-adequate or false reporting, non-ability to comply with
required BWM practice, technical issues) that may arise during each vessel call to a
port, the BWM DSS model was prepared to cover possibly all predictable events, as
well to respond rapidly. The generic model is presented in the Fig. 4 , followed by
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