Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 6
Tribe Calypsoeae
Abstract
Calypso bulbosa
is self-compatible but not autogamous. Outcrossing is
predominant, and bumblebees are the primary pollinators. The flowers provide no
reward and are pollinated by deceit. Fruit production over the lifetime of the plant
is pollen limited. Natural populations of
Tipularia discolor
are maintained primarily
by vegetative reproduction, but experimental work supports the occurrence of cross-
pollination. The pollinators are nocturnal or crepuscular noctuid moths. Fruit set is
limited by pollinator service. A variety of breeding systems are present in
Corallorhiza
, including cleistogamy, autogamy, outcrossing, and facultative autog-
amy. Known pollinators include species of
Empis
,
Andrena
, and
Pimpla pedalis
.
Seed set in outcrossing taxa appears to be pollinator limited.
Keywords
Calypso
s
Tipularia
s
Corallorhiza
s
Aplectrum
s6ARIABLEBREEDING
SYSTEMSs)NTERPOPULATIONGENEmOWs$ECEITPOLLINATIONANDPOLLENLIMITATION
s.OCTURNALCREPUSCULARMOTHSs$ANCEmIESANDHYMENOPTERA
The tribe Calypsoeae includes 12 genera widely distributed in Europe, northern
Asia, North America, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America (Pridgeon
et al.
2005
). Four genera occur in our flora.
Calypso
Salisbury
Calypso
is a monotypic, circumboreal species.
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