Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 4-3. Human Parasitic Protozoans
Protozoan
Host(s)
Disease
Transmission
Occurrence
Acenathamoeba
castellani
Fresh water, sew-
age, humans
Amoebic meningoen-
cephalitis
Gains entry through abra-
sions, ulcers, and as sec-
ondary invader (hiding
other infections)
Balantidium coli
Pigs, humans
Balantidiasis (dysentery)
Contaminated water
Micronesia has the only
known site of an out-
break
Cryptosporidium
Animals, humans
Cryptosporidiosis
Person-to-person or animal-
to-person contact, ingestion
of fecally contaminated wa-
ter or food, or contact with
fecally contaminated envi-
ronmental surfaces
Canada, England, and
the United States
Entamoeba
Humans
Amoebic dysentery
Contaminated water
Last in United States
outbreak, 1953
Giardia lamblia
Animals, humans
Giardiasis (gastroenteri-
tis)
Contaminated water
Mexico, United States,
USSR
Nagleria fowleri
Soil water, decaying
vegetation
Primary amoebic menin-
goencephalitis
Nasal inhalation with subse-
quent penetration of naso-
pharynx, exposure from
swimming in freshwater
lakes
Source:
Reference 5. From Montgomery, J.,
Water Treatment Principles and Design.
Copyright
1985 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
