Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
One 10-in. elbow
0.3
One 8-in. check valve
2.5
One 10-in. gate valve
0.3
One 8-in. gate valve
0.3
One 10-in. entrance
0.5
Two 8-in. elbows
0.6
100 ft of 10-in. pipe
One 8-in. exit
1.0
K
1.1
1,000 ft of 8-in. pipe
K
4.4
(From Culp, Gordon, and Williams, Robert,
Handbook of Public Water Systems.
Copyright
1986 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Reprinted by permission of John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)
For fitting losses:
H
K
v
2/2
g
For piping losses:
H
/
L
[
Q
/ (0.43
Cd
2.63)]1.85, where
H
head loss, ft (m)
K
fitting loss factor, dimensionless
v
velocity, ft / sec (m / s)
L
pipe length, ft (m)
Q
flow, ft
3
/ sec (m
3
/s)
C
Hazen-Williams friction factor
d
pipe diameter, ft (m)
g
gravitational constant, 32.2 ft / sec
2
(9.8 m / s
2
)
