Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Appendix B
Symmetry Breaking by Uniform Linear Electric
and Magnetic Fields
Contents
B.1
Spherical Groups
...........................................................
205
B.2
Binary and Cylindrical Groups
..............................................
205
B.1 Spherical Groups
G
B
E
T
C
3
,C
2
,C
1
C
3
,C
2
,C
1
T
d
S
4
,C
3
,C
2
,C
s
,C
1
C
3
v
,C
2
v
,C
s
,C
1
T
h
S
6
,C
2
h
,C
i
C
3
,C
2
,C
s
,C
1
O
C
4
,C
3
,C
2
,C
1
C
4
,C
3
,C
2
,C
1
O
h
C
4
h
,S
6
,C
2
h
,C
i
C
4
v
,C
3
v
,C
2
v
,C
s
,C
1
I
C
5
,C
3
,C
2
,C
1
C
5
,C
3
,C
2
,C
1
I
h
S
10
,S
6
,C
2
h
,C
i
C
5
v
,C
3
v
,C
2
v
,C
s
,C
1
B.2 Binary and Cylindrical Groups
The
notation refers to a field oriented along the principal cylindrical axis; in the
⊥
direction several symmetry breakings are possible:
C
2
symmetry implies that the
field coincides with the
C
2
axis; a magnetic field perpendicular to a symmetry plane
or an electric field in a symmetry plane will conserve at least
C
s
symmetry.
