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Fig. 9 Plain radiographs of the spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. a Lateral view of
cervical spine. Syndesmophytes (white arrows) that projected vertically from the edge of the
vertebral body. There is loss of intervertebral disk space (black arrow). b Lateral view of a
completely fused cervical spine. Notice the
'
bamboo
'
shape of vertebral column and complete loss
of facet joints (black arrowheads). c Anteroposterior view of lumbar spine showing syndesmo-
phytes (white arrowheads), some of which are almost bridging. d Anteroposterior view of a
completely fused lumbar spine (bamboo spine). The linear vertical density in the center of the
spine is formed by calcification of the ligaments between adjacent spinous processes
