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Fig. 1 Overview of the components involved for the 3D reconstruction of the spine from
radiographic images
models which would reproduce the variability or the pathological distribution of the
deformation [
3
]. However these methods depend on a pre-calibrated X-ray system,
and are often highly supervised in order to identify control points. Given the
problems demonstrated by the reconstruction systems adopted in the early years of
this technology, it was clear that these techniques were limited on many aspects,
and did not possess the necessary tools to insure adequate levels of reproducibility
or versatility to be deployed in outpatient clinics.
This chapter presents the different techniques involved for generating the 3D
reconstruction of a patient
s spine using biplanar radiographs. The personalized 3D
reconstruction of the spine enables both the visualization from calibrated biplanar
radiographic images and the clinical assessment of spinal deformities in a wide range
of pathologies. The remainder of this chapter is structured as follows. Section
2
presents an overview of the evolution of 3D reconstruction systems. In Sect.
3
, the
approaches for calibrating the X-ray scene are described, while Sect.
4
focusses on
the 3D modelling of the spine using either point-based or feature-based represen-
tations. For the selected applications, results are given in Sect.
5
. Finally, we con-
clude this chapter in Sect.
6
.
'
