Data Normalization - Information Systems Reengineering, Integration and Normalization - page 370

Question 9.2
Given the following XML schema and XML document with data redundancy in
many-to-many cardinality as shown in Fig. 9.10 . Normalize the XML document
without data redundancy.

X
<xs:element name="a">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="b" type="B_Type" />
<xs:element name="c" type="C_Type" />
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element>
<xs:complexType name="a_Type">
<xs:attribute name="x" type="xs:string" />
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="b_Type">
<xs:complexContent mixed="false">
<xs:extension base="a_Type">
<xs:attribute name="y" type="xs:string" />
</xs:extension>
</xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="c_Type">
<xs:complexContent mixed="false">
<xs:extension base="a_Type">
<xs:attribute name="z" type="xs:string" />
</xs:extension>
</xs:complexContent>
</xs:complexType>

M L S c h e m X M L d o c u m n t

<r1>

<d>d1</d>

<e>e1</e>

</r1>
<r1>

<d>d1</d>

<e>e2></e>

</r1>
<r1>
<d>d2</d>
<e>e1</e>
</r1>

References

Elmasri R, Navathe SB (2011) Chapter 14: Database design theory: introduction to normaliza-
tion using functional and multivalued dependencies. In: Database systems: models, languages,
design, and application programming, 6th edn. Pearson.
Fong J, Kwok LF, Cheung SKS (2011) Data modeling technique made easy with hybrid learning
computer aided instruction. Lect Notes Computer Sci (LNCS) 6837:345-356
Mok WY, Fong J, Embley DW (2014) Generating the fewest redundancy-free scheme trees from
acyclic conceptual-model hypergraphs in polynomial time. 41:20-44
Shiu H, Fong J (2008) Reverse engineering from an XML document into an extended DTD graph.
J Database Manage 19(4):62-80