Sonic Characteristics of the Landscape - Soundscape Ecology: Principles, Patterns, Methods and Applications - page 40

The jungle environment represents a more spectacular example of the sonic
environment at the highest acoustic diversity. The dense vegetation, the complexity
of the vertical layers of vegetation, the high humidity, and the lack of wind create a
unique system to which vocal species have been adapted for a long time.
It seems surprising that the sound produced by a wildfire can represent a signal
for some species. It is the case documented also experimentally in the red frog
( Hyperolius nitidulus ), which reacts to the sound of an approaching fire by
searching for a fire-free refuge.
Sounds from stressed nature are not only limited to fire but also can be caused by
drought. Thus, plants suffering from drought stress produce special sounds by the
collapse of single cells from dehydratation, and these sounds seem to be intercepted
by some species of bark beetle to orient their infestation in a stressed tree.
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