Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.1
Agronomical characteristics of the major citrus rootstocks. (Agustí
2003
)
Calcium
tolerance
Salinity
tolerance
Drought
tolerance
Tree vigour Yield Fruit quality
Sour orange
H
I
I
I
I
I
Sweet orange
L
L
L
H
I
I
Cleopatra
mandarin
H
H
I
I
I
I
Poncirus
trifoliata
L
L
L
I
I
H
Citranges
L
L
L
H
H
H
Citrus
volkameriana
H
I
-
H
H
L
Citrumelos
L
I
H
H
I
I
Citrus
macrophylla
H
H
-
H
H
L
H
high,
L
low,
I
intermediate
Table 6.2
Behaviour of the major citrus rootstocks against virus diseases and root rot.
(Agustí
2003
)
CTV
Exocortis
Psoriasis
Blight
Root rot
Sour orange
S
T
T
T
R
Sweet orange
T
T
S
T
S
Cleopatra mandarin
T
T
T
T
T
Poncirus trifoliata
R
S
T
S
R
Citranges
T
S
T
S
T
Citrus volkameriana
T
T
-
S
T
Citrumelos
T
T
T
-
R
Citrus macrophylla
S
T
-
S
R
S
susceptible,
T
tolerant,
R
resistant
Trifoliate orange (
Poncirus trifoliata
[L.] Raf.) is widely used in Argentina,
Australia, China, Japan and Uruguay. Trees budded onto trifoliate orange are not
well adapted to high calcium soils and high salinity, but are not affected by CTV
and produce fruit of high quality.
Citranges are hybrids of
C. sinensis
x
P. trifoliata
. Several of them have been
tested as rootstocks, but only two of them arose from 'Washington' navel orange
as seed parent, 'Troyer' and 'Carrizo', are extensively used. They are very similar
in nematode tolerance, the latter 'Carrizo' being more tolerant. 'Carrizo' is widely
used in Florida (USA) and Spain, and 'Troyer' in California (USA).
Volkamer lemon (
Citrus volkameriana
Pasq.) is adaptable to a range of soils
and produces vigorous and productive trees. It is not susceptible to CTV although
it is affected by nematodes and citrus blight, caused by the bacterium
Xanthomonas
axonopodis
.
Citrumelos are hybrids of
C. paradisi
x
P. trifoliata
. 'Swingle' citrumelo is the
most propagated rootstock, having a semi-dwarfing effect on sweet orange. They
are tolerant to nematodes,
Phytophthora
root rot, CTV and other virus diseases,
