Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 6.1
Commercial cultivars of
Citrus
spp.
a
'Salustina' common sweet orange.
b
'Washington'
navel sweet orange.
c
'Sanguinelli' blood sweet orange.
d
'Owari' Satsuma mandarin.
e
'Clem-
enules' Clementine mandarin.
f
'Marsh' grapefruit.
g
'Eureka' lemon.
h
'Tahiti' lime
'Hamlin' is widely planted in Florida, in the USA, and Brazil and used mainly
for processing into juice. Trees grow upright and fruit mature in September-Decem-
ber in the NH. Although this cultivar is very prone to drop when mature, fruit hold
on the tree well until February to March in the NH. Fruit are spherical, smaller than
other common oranges and seedy (6-8 seeds). Juice is of poor quality, with low TSS
concentration. The peel is thin and susceptible to
puffing,
a serious physiological
disorder in which the pericarp and flesh separate from each other (see Section “Eda-
phoclimatic requirements for production and improved fruit quality”).
'Pera' is a very important cultivar grown for the processing and fresh markets in
Brazil. Trees are vigorous, densely foliated, and grow upright. They produce mul-
tiple blooms and crops a year, which make for a difficult harvest at the best maturity
stage for processing into juice. Fruit are of medium size, ovate, seedy (5-10 seeds)
and of medium quality because it's low TSS content.
'Salustiana' is a mid-season sweet orange, which originated in Valencia, Spain,
as a bud mutation from the 'Comuna' sweet orange. It is grown in Spain and Mo-
rocco and, to a lesser extent in South Africa. Trees are vigorous, well developed and
very productive, although they are prone to alternate bearing. The fruit is medium
to large in size, with a finely pebbled and medium thick peel, spherical, with a very
good colour, and seedless. The fruit matures in December-January (NH) and hangs
well on the tree until late April.
