Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Secretariat, Council for Trade in Services, Background Note, Energy Services, World Trade
Organization, Doc. No. S/C/W/52 (9 September 1998), p. 29; (j) Bulk storage is from WTO Secretariat,
Council for Trade in Services, Background Note, Land Transport Services: Part I - Generalities and
Road Transport, World Trade Organization, Doc. No. S/C/W/60 (28 October 1998), p. 23.
5.
Plurilateral requests: (a) Environment is from EC, Plurilateral Request - Environmental Services
(undated 2006); (b) Distribution is from EC, Collective Request on Distribution Services (undated
2006); (b) Energy is from EC, Collective Request in Energy Services (undated 2006); (d) Maritime is
from Japan Ministry of of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Collective request for Marine Transport
Services (undated 2006).
7.
The
rst use of this process to withdraw a commitment was when the EU accepted 13 new countries in 1995
and 2004, some of which did not want to conform their public services to the EU's GATS commitments
(EC, 2007). The second was when the USA announced that it would withdraw its commitment that covers
gambling services (USTR, 2007d).
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8.
The excerpt of the US statement on necessity tests and the purpose of disciplines is:
The United States does not support any type of operational necessity test or standard in any new disci-
plines for domestic regulation. However, we share the concerns raised by many Members that the right
to regulate should not be used in practice to avoid trade obligations. In that regard, we remain open to
discussing non-operational language in the preamble, expressing that Members' objective in developing
any new disciplines is to establish that principle. (USTR, 2007b)
References
Australia et al. (2005), 'Communication from Australia, the European Communities, Japan, New Zealand, the
Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu and the United States', TN/S/W/28, 11
February.
Australia et al. (2006), 'Communication from Australia; Chile; Hong Kong, China; Korea; New Zealand and
the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu', Article VI:4 Disciplines - Proposal
for Draft Text , JOB(06)/193, 19 June.
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, 22
March 1989.
Bureau of
Mines (1946),
Report on the Investigation of
the Fire at the Lique
fi
cation,
Storage and
Gasi
cation Plant of the East Ohio Gas Company, Cleveland, Ohio, January 20, 1944 cited in Michelle
Michot Foss (2004), 'Introduction to LNG', Center for Energy Economics, February, available at
www.beg.utexas.edu/energyecon/lng/documents/CEE_INTRODUCTION_TO_LNG_FINAL.pdf,
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viewed
16 September 2007.
China, People's Republic (2002), Schedule of Speci
c Commitments, GATS/SC/135, 14 February 2002, available
at http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/serv_commitments_e.htm, viewed 18 September 2007.
California Coastal Commission (2005), Seawater Desalination and the California Coastal Act , March 2004,
http://www.coastal.ca.gov/pubs.html, viewed 18 September 2007.
Deckwirth (2006),
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'GATS and Water',
Corporate Europe Observatory Brie
fi
ng,
26 May,
available at
http://www.tradeobservatory.org/search.cfm, viewed 18 September 2007.
Department of Energy, Energy E
ciency and Renewable Energy, States with Renewable Portfolio Standards
(June 2007), available at http://www.eere.energy.gov/states/maps/renewable_portfolio_states.cfm, viewed 18
September 2007.
Department of Foreign A
airs and International Trade (2007), 'Canada's International Market Access Report -
Renewable Energy', 1 June available at http://w01.international.gc.ca/CIMAP/FicheDetail.aspx?Fiche_ID
=1333, viewed 18 September, 2007.
Energy Information Agency (2007), 'LNG exporters', available at http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/analysispaper/
global/exporters.html, viewed 16 September 2007.
Environmental Protection Agency (1996), Technical Support Document for HWC MACT Standards, Volume
I, Description of Source Categories, February, available at http://www.epa.gov/combustion/cmbust.htm,
viewed 18 September 2007.
Environmental Protection Agency (1999), Fact Sheet, Proposed Rules for Commercial and Industrial Solid
Waste Incineration Units, December, available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/t1/fact_sheets/propfact.pdf,
viewed 18 September 2007.
European Commission (1999), Communication from the European Communities and their Member States -
Classi
ff
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line.wto.org/gen_search.asp?searchmode=simple (search document symbol, viewed 18 September 2007).
European Commission (2000a), Opening World Markets for Services - Towards GATS 2000, European
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