Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 11.2
Examples of PGPR consortium effects on various crops
PGPR
Crop/plant
Effects
Reference
Rhizobium+B. megaterium
or Rhizobium+
LK-884
(
P. diminuta
)/LK-786
(
Kurthia sp
.)
Lentil crop
(
Lens
culinaris
)
Increased dry weight, yield,
mineral uptake, and nodule
number
Kumar and
Chandra
(
2008
)
A. brasilense
strain Az39
and
B. japonicum
strain
E109
Soybean (
Gly-
cine max
)
and corn/
maize (
Zea
mays
)
Augmented germination rate,
shoot-root length, dry
weight, and nodulation
Cassan
et al. (
2009
)
A. lipoferum
,
P. fluorescens
,
and
P. putida
Maize
(
Zea mays
)
Improved biomass and yield
Adjanohoun
et al. (
2011
)
PGPR strains FCA-8,
FCA-56, FCA-60 of
P. putida
and AM-fungi
Citrus (
Citrus
volkameria
)
Plant height, stem-base diam-
eter, root length and vol-
ume, biomass, and
colonization similar to
fertilization
Chiquito-
Contreras
et al. (
2012
)
Different combinations of
PGPR
Artichoke
(
Cynara
scolymus
)
Increased shoot length, root
and shoot weight, vigor,
germination percentage,
and mean time of
germination
Jahanian
et al. (
2012
)
Pantoea cypripedii
and
Enterobacter aerogenes
Chickpea (
Cicer
arietinum
)
Increased P uptake by plant
Singh
et al. (
2013
)
Trichoderma viride
,
P. fluorescence
, and
A. chroococcum
Chili (
Capsicum
annum
L.)
Improved growth and yield
Sateesh and
Sivasakthiv-
elan (
2013
)
volkameriana
) (Chiquito-Contreras et al.
2012
). The study involved consortium
treatment with 50 % fertilization, whereas control involved no PGPR inoculation
with 100 % fertilization. Different parameters studied involved plant height, stem-
base diameter, root length and volume, biomass, and colonization; results so
obtained were similar to the effects obtained with control, suggesting that their
effectiveness is similar to fertilizers.
Besides agricultural crops, PGPR were also found effective in facilitating the
growth of flower crops (Kumari et al.
2013
). One such study involved the combi-
nation of four PGPR (
A. chroococcum
,
A. lipoferum
,
B. megaterium
, and
P. fluorescens
) on rose plants (
Catharanthus roseus
). Mixed inoculation enhanced
growth, vigor, nutrient content (P, K, and N by 2.34 %, 2.2 %, and 0.34 %,
respectively), and chlorophyll content (Lenin and Jayanthi
2012
). Another com-
parative experiment involving single, double, and consortium inoculation of
A. chroococcum
,
P. fluorescence
, and
T. viride
was carried out for chili crop
(
Capsicum annum
L.). Maximum growth and yield were recorded for consortium
cultures relative to single and double inoculation (Sateesh and Sivasakthivelan
