Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 11.1
Examples of P-solubilizing microorganism and their effects on the plants
P solubilizer
Plants
Effect
Reference
Bacillus
megaterium
Sugarcane
(
Saccharum
officinarum
)
Enhanced sugarcane and sugar yield,
P content in soil
Sundara
et al. (
2002
)
Bacillus
sp.
Banana cultivars
(
Musa
paradisiaca
)
Improved yield and mineral content,
fresh biomass (aerial and root),
aerial dry mass, diameter, and
foliar surface
Jaizme-Vega
et al. (
2004
)
Pseudomonas
sp. Tomato (
Solanum
lycopersicum
)
Enhanced growth
El-Tantawy and
Mohammed
(
2009
)
Pantoea eucalypti
Slender trefoil
(
Lotus tenuis
)
Enhanced growth
Castagno
et al. (
2011
)
Variovorax
paradoxus
Pea (
Pisum
sativum)
Increased root-shoot biomass, sto-
matal conductance, enhanced
nutrient availability, and P
accumulation
Jiang
et al. (
2012
)
Burkholderia
multivorans
WS FJ9
Poplar (
Populus
euramericana
cv
.)
Increased height, root collar diame-
ter, biomass, P content
Li et al. (
2013
)
B. tropica
KS04
Chili (
Capsicum
frutescens L. cv.
Hua Rua
)
Significant increase in height, fresh
weight, root and shoot dry
weight, as well as number of
flowers
Boonlue et al
.
(
2013
)
ketones, and alcoholic compounds (Fernando et al.
2006
). Some of the antibiotics
like 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (Shanahan et al.
1992
), phenazine-1-carboxylate
(Chin-A-Woeng et al.
2001
), pyoluteorin (Howell and Stipanovic
1980
),
pyrrolnitrin (Thomashow and Weller
1988
), and HCN are produced by
Pseudo-
monas
sp
.
(Hass and Defago
2005
); bacillomycin (Volpon et al.
1999
), kanosamine
(Milner et al.
1996
), and iturin A (Constantinescu
2001
) are produced by
Bacillus
sp. (Fernando et al.
2006
). Toluene, dimethyl disulfide, and terpenoid compounds
like
-pinene and limonene are the other volatiles produced by
Burkholderia
sp
.
(Tenorio-Salgado et al.
2013
).
α
11.3.2.2 Siderophore Production
Siderophores are low molecular weight peptide molecules with side chains and
functional groups acting as ligand for Fe
3+
(Beneduzi et al.
2012
). Siderophores are
also known as “iron carriers” and act as biocontrol agents by sequestering iron (Fe),
required for phytopathogens. By limiting the iron availability, siderophores inhibit
the growth of phytopathogens in immediate vicinity of plant and hence indirectly
protect plant from pathogen damage (Glick
2012
). Siderophore-producing PGPR,
for example,
Pseudomonas
sp
.
and
Enterobacter
sp. (Gram-negative bacteria) and
