Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.6
Nutritional value
of some major staple foods
Cereal crops
Maize
Nutritional value per 100 g
Rice
Wheat
Energy (KJ)
1,528
1,528
1,369
Carbohydrates (g)
74
80
71
Sugars (g)
0.64
0.12
0.41
Dietary fiber (g)
7.3
1.3
12.2
Fat (g)
4.74
0.66
1.54
Protein
(g)
9.4
7.1
12.6
Water (g)
10
12
13
Vitamin A equiv. (
μ
g)
214
0
9
Thiamine (vit. B
1
) (mg)
0.39
0.07
0.30
Riboflavin (vit. B
2
) (mg)
0.20
0.05
0.12
3.63
1.6
5.46
0.42
1.01
0.95
0.62
0.16
0.3
Folate (vit. B
9
)(
μ
g)
19
8
38
Vitamin B
12
(
μ
g)
-
-
-
Vitamin C (mg)
0
0
0
Vitamin E (mg)
0.49
0.11
1.01
Vitamin K (
g) 0.3 0.1 1.9
Calcium (mg) 7 28 29
Iron (mg) 2.71 0.8 3.19
Magnesium (mg) 127 25 126
Phosphorus (mg) 210 115 288
Potassium (mg) 287 115 363
Sodium (mg) 35 5 2
Zinc (mg) 2.21 1.09 2.65
Manganese (mg) 0.49 1.09 3.99
Source: USDA Nutrient Database (
http://en.wikipedia.org
)
μ
inferred that
B. cepacia
interacted synergistically well with AM fungus leading
eventually to increase in growth and nutrient uptake of wheat plants. Therefore, this
study shows a great promise for using biofertilizer for wheat crop grown in arid to
semiarid regions. Similarly, Yousefi et al. (
2011
) investigated the interactive effects
of PS bacteria and AM fungi on wheat production, changes in biological popula-
tion, and inorganic P fractions. In this study, the combined application of PS
bacteria and AM fungi increased dry matter accumulation in shoots, seed grain
spike number, and grain yields by 52, 19, and 26 %, respectively, compared to the
control plants. Moreover, P application increased Olsen-P, Ca
2
-P, and Ca
8
-P%
while biological fertilizers reduced the amount of Ca
2
-P and Ca
8
-P%. Taking into
consideration the success achieved at small scales, Akhtar et al. (
2013
) conducted a
field experiment to investigate the effect of
Rhizobium
and
Bacillus
, alone and in
combination, on the yield of wheat (var. Sehar 2006). A uniform rate of N
(160 kg ha
1
) and K (60 kg ha
1
) and two levels of P (57 and 114 kg ha
1
) were
applied as urea, SOP, and SSP, respectively. Number of tillers, spike length
(13.50 cm), number of grains, grain yield (6,171 kg ha
1
), biomass (17 t ha
1
),