Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 8.3
(continued)
Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
Plant growth-promoting traits References
Fluorescent Pseudomonas
IAA, siderophores, HCN,
antifungal activity
Shweta
et al. (
2008
)
Pseudomonas vancouverensis
IAA, HCN, siderophore, anti-
fungal
activity
Mishra
et al. (
2008
)
Bacillus
spp.
IAA, siderophores, ammonia
production, HCN, chro-
mium
reduction, metal
solubilization
Wani
et al. (
2007a
,
b
)
Pseudomonas
PSB5,
Bacillus
PSB9
IAA and siderophores
Wani
et al. (
2007c
)
Klebsiella oxytoca
IAA, nitrogenase activity
Jha and Kumar
(
2007
)
Bacillus subtilis
IAA
Zaidi et al. (
2006
)
Bacillus pumilus
(Plate
8.1b
) and N
2
-fixing
Azotobacter
sp. (Plate
8.1c
) on the
growth, chlorophyll content, and P and N content of black gram plants grown in
green house and observed a variable impact on the measured parameters. The N
contents in roots and shoots of inoculated black gram plants differed considerably
among the treatments. The variation in the performance of inoculated plants was
attributed to the release of differing amounts of siderophore, HCN, and ammonia by
the inoculant bacterial strains. Moreover, the substantial production of IAA by
A. chroococcum
(23.6
gml
1
) and
A. beijerinckii
(17.6
gml
1
) and by the
μ
μ
gml
1
) might
also have accounted for considerable increase in the black gram plants. Similarly,
PS-fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the groundnut rhizosphere, when used
as microbial P biofertilizer, enhanced the groundnut germination by 30 % while it
increased the grain yield by 77 %. Further, the PS culture also showed antagonistic
activity against plant pathogen
Macrophomina phaseolina
. The increase in yield of
groundnut following
Pseudomonas
application, therefore, suggested that this strain
has two basic traits: (1) biocontrol activity against phytopathogen and (2) that it
provided the available form of P and consequently enhanced the yield of groundnut
(Shweta et al.
2008
). Dey et al. (
2004
) in yet another study observed a significantly
higher pod yields, haulm yield, and nodule dry weight in
P. fluorescens
-inoculated
peanut plants compared to those recorded for uninoculated plants grown in pots and
field trials. The seed bacterization also resulted in higher N and P contents in soil. In
addition, the pod yields were increased by 23-26 %; other plant characteristics such
as root length, pod number, 100-kernel mass, shelling out-turns, and nodule num-
bers were also increased following bacterial inoculation. Seed treatment with
P. fluorescens
also depressed the incidence of soil-borne fungal diseases, like collar
rot and charcoal rot of peanut (Bhatia et al.
2008
) caused by
A. niger
. While
considering the overall improvement in inoculated peanut, it was inferred that the
increase was due to (1) the synthesis of IAA, ACC deaminase, and siderophore and
gml
1
) and
Bacillus
sp. (19.8
P-solubilizers
P. aeruginosa
(26.5
μ
μ
