Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 10.1 (continued)
Subgenus
Species
Genome Origin
Gossypium
G. herbaceum
L.
A
1
Africa, Arabia
G. arboreum
L.
A
2
Africa, Arabia
G. anomalum
Wawra and Peyritsch
B
1
Africa
G. triphyllum
(Harvey and Sonder)
Hochreutiner
B
2
Africa
G. capitis-viridis
Mauer
B
3
Cape Verde
Islands
G. longicalyx
B. Hutchinson and Lee
F
1
Arabia
G. benadirense
Mattei
E
Africa, Arabia
G. bricchettii
(Ulbrich) Vollesen
E
Arabia
G. vollesenii
Fryxell
E
Arabia
G. stocksii
Masters in Hooker
E
1
Arabia
G. somalense
(Gurke) J.B. Hutchinson
E
2
Arabia
G. areysianum
Deflers
E
3
Arabia
G. incanum
(Schwartz) Hillcoat
E
4
Arabia
G. trifurcatum
Vollesen
B
Somalia
Karpas
G. hirsutum
L.
(AD)
1
Mexico
G. barbadense
L.
(AD)
2
Peru, Ecuador
G. tomentosum
Nuttall ex Seemann
(AD)
3
Hawaii
G. mustelinum
Miers ex Watt
(AD)
4
Brazil
G. darwinii
Watt
(AD)
5
Galapagos Islands
Based on data from Refs. [
4
,
6
,
7
]
Table 10.2 Typical fiber quality of three cotton species
Fiber length
(mm)
Fiber strength
(g/tex)
Fiber linear density
(
μ
g/m)
Species
Micronaire
G. barbadense
36
45
150
3.8
G. hirsutum
29
30
170
4.2
G. arboreum
24
20
187
6.0
Based on data from Ref. [
10
](
G. arboreum
)
end use and quality of yarn produced after spinning and hence has different
economic value.
Man has been successful in domesticating many crops and animals. That capa-
bility defines human endeavor because otherwise our species would not be so
numerous. It is understandable that food crops (wheat, barley, maize, potatoes)
were domesticated before cotton [
11
], but the domestication process has been
similar for all crops through a process of conscious or unconscious selection for
those characteristics that made it easier to grow, collect, and utilize the useful
products of the plant. By 5,000-7,000 years ago, man had already heavily
influenced the utility of the fiber of
Gossypium
species for the production of yarn
to be used to make fabric, particularly in India and the Central Americas [
5
,
12
,
13
].
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