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x
in
1 kip
1 kip
y
in
−1 k
ip
1 kip
L
x
in
Figure 7.5
Calculation of equivalent moment of inertia based on pure bending. (Data
from White, D.W. et al. “Guidelines for Analysis Methods and Construction
Engineering of Curved and Skewed Steel Girder Bridges,” NCHRP Project
12-79 Report 725, TRB, Washington, DC, 2012.)
2
x
L
ML
E
θ
=
,
I
=
(7.6)
eq
θ
2. Using an equivalent Timoshenko beam element rather than an Euler-
Bernoulli element, the cross frame is still supported as a cantilever but
is subjected to a unit transverse shear at its tip (Figure 7.6).
VL
(7.7)
A
seq
=
3
3
G
∆
(
−
VL EI
eq
/
)
Δ
x
kip
−1 kip
1 kip
−
x
kip
Figure 7.6
Calculation of equivalent shear area based on tip loading of the cross frame
supported as a cantilever. (Data from White, D.W. et al. “Guidelines for Analysis
Methods and Construction Engineering of Curved and Skewed Steel Girder
Bridges,” NCHRP Project 12-79 Report 725, TRB, Washington, DC, 2012.)
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