Biomedical Engineering Reference
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was formed at room temperature with 0.01% copper (I) chloride
as a catalyst [37].
8.3.4 Modification of Hydroxyl Group
The hydroxyl group is commonly modified by etherification,
divinylsulfone crosslinking, esterification and bis-epoxide crosslinking.
Most common modifications of the hydroxyl group are shown in
Figure 8.2
.
O
HA
OH
O
O
Br
OH
O
O
O
O
OH
O
OH
O
O
OH
O
O
O
OH
NH
OH
NH
O
O
O
O
O
HO
HO
O
HO
O
HO
HO
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
HO
O
HO
O
HO
HO
HO
O
NH
OH
NH
OH
x
NH
O
OH
O
O
O
OH
O
O
OH
O
O
S
OH
O
O
O
O
HA
Figure 8.2
Selective primary modification of hydroxyl group on
HA
8.3.4.1 Ether Formation using Epoxides
Epoxide is a common crosslinker to prepare HA hydrogels. Malson
and Lindqvist patented the crosslinking of HA using butanediol
diglycidyl ether (BDDE) in a 0.25 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
solution [38].
BDDE is used for most crosslinked HA hydrogels
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