Magnetic Field Sources - Magnetocaloric Energy Conversion: From Theory to Applications - page 67

Fig. 3.24 A historical development of superconducting magnets (upper) and a review on HTS
materials (lower)

latter, these can be divided into the Joule -

McMahon (GM), the Stirling and the Pulse-tube cryocoolers (see Fig. 3.26 , which
has been reproduced according to the work of Radebaugh [ 29 ]). Other principles,
e.g. a cryogenic AMR, are not used in applications for the cooling of supercon-
ducting magnets.

- Thomson (JT), the Brayton, Gifford