Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
consequence, several applications have been proposed for this nanomaterial,
such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing and electronics.
In this chapter, we would like to offer an interesting overview on the
major research activities on CNTs being developed in America, Europe and
Asia. The purpose is to provide useful information about the most advanced
discoveries concerning this novel material and to stimulate the readers'
interest in pursuing their vocation on the line of excellent scientists and
outstanding experts.
Data were cross-linked from SciFinder and high-impact factor journals
over the period 2007-2009.
Overall, we selected nine groups or research institutes (Avouris, Hongjie
Dai, Hersam, Iijima, Kataura, Prato, Smalley Institute at Rice, Strano, and
Terrones) on the basis of the number of publications and their citation
indices derived from journal articles with impact factors higher than 5.
Where possible, the website of the groups or institutes was included, since it
contains additional information on their latest research projects.
9.2 AMERICA
9.2.1 USA
Phaedon AVOURIS
@ IBM, T. J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York,
10598, USA
Expertise: Nanoelectronics
The expertise of this research group deals mainly with nanoelectronics
where CNTs are incorporated in advanced systems for their potential use in
nanoelectronic and nanomechanical devices. More precisely, the research
scientists working at IBM in New York are interested in two main aspects of
CNTs: (i) their manipulation into different shapes and orientations and (ii)
their integration into ield-effect transistors (FETs), to monitor the changes
in both the nanotube phonon spectrum and its electronic resonances while
passing an electrical current through it.
Avouris and collaborators are more focused on the electronic aspects
associated with this material, as demonstrated by their recent publications.
In their studies, they maintain the operating principles of the currently used
FETs, but they replace the conducting channel with carbon nanomaterials
such as one-dimensional (1D) CNTs or two-dimensional (2D) graphene layers.
These materials, in fact, have demonstrated enhanced electrical properties.
10
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