Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
SWNT (Fig. 7.9).
55
The measured quantum yield of SWNT photoluminescence
is relatively low but can be up to 3-8%. After incubation of B cells and T cells
in solutions of SWNT-Rituxan conjugates, bright NIR emission of SWNTs on
B-cell lymphoma (CD20 positive) was observed when excited under 785
nm, suggesting SWNT-Rituxan binding to CD20 cell surface receptors. In
contrast, NIR luorescence images taken on SWNT-Rituxan incubated T cells
(CD20 negative) showed little NIR photoluminescence, indicating the success
of luorescent targeting for detection of speciic cells. Similarly, Herceptin
conjugation to SWNTs recognised the HER2/neu cell surface receptors,
which were overexpressed on various cancer cells. NIR luorescence from the
SWNTs clearly differentiated the positive and negative cell lines.
Figure 7.9
SWNT-Rituxan targeted B cell and labelled it with NIR luorescence. T
cell, without CD20 receptor, was not labelled. Reproduced from Leeuw
et al.
56
with
permission. See also Colour Insert.
In vivo
detection of the CNTs conirmed CNTs' optical properties.
Leeuw and collaborators
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dispersed SWNTs by sonication with bovine
serum albumin (BSA) solutions. The
in vivo
experiment was performed on
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit lies). NIR luorescence from SWNTs in the
digestive tracts was clearly imaged, while a video showed the nanotubes'
movements in the digestive system. Further scanning microscopy for NIR
luorescence of individual tissues showed SWNTs concentrated in the brain
and dorsal vessel.
Detection of SWNT NIR luorescence was also performed in mammalian
animals for biological imaging.
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Cherukuri and coworkers dispersed SWNTs
using surfactant Pluronic F108 with the assistance of sonication and detected
the blood concentration of SWNTs by monitoring the NIR luorescence
of the nanotubes. Therefore this procedure was convenient to study the
pharmacokinetics of SWNTs. In addition NIR luorescence also provided
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