Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER 8
Medical Applications of Biosensors
Chapter Outline
8.1 Introduction
197
8.2 Theory
198
8.2.1 Single-Fractal Analysis
199
Binding Rate Coefficient
199
Dissociation Rate Coefficient
199
8.2.2 Dual-Fractal Analysis
200
Binding Rate Coefficient
200
8.1 Introduction
Medical applications are the leading applications of biosensors. The diabetes management
market (making quantitative glucose levels in the blood) is the biggest market application.
The ease of use of biosensors for the detection of analytes that are monitored especially
for the onset of the different types of diseases as well as their management has led to the
development of different types of biosensors. Some of these include:
(a) Sensitive immunoassay of a biomarker tumor necrosis factor-
a
(TNF-
a
) based in poly
(guanine)-functionalized silica nanoparticle (NP) label (
Wang et al., 2006
)
(b) Quantitative measurement of cardiac markers in undiluted serum (
Masson et al., 2007
)
(c) Novel microfluidic impedance assay for monitoring endothelin-induced cardiac hyper-
trophy (
Yang et al., 2007
)
(d) Development of quartz-crystal microbalance-based immunosensor array for clinical
immunophenotyping of acute leukemias (
Zeng et al., 2006
).
(e) Effect of oxazaborolidines on immobilized fructosyltransferase (FTF) analyzed by sur-
face plasmon-resonance (
Jabbour et al., 2007
). These are involved in dental diseases.
(f) Histone deacylase (HDAC) inhibitor assay based on resonance energy transfer (
Riester
et al., 2007
). These authors report that histone HDACs are important enzymes for the
transcriptional regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Recently, they have
become key targets for chemotherapeutic intervention in malignant diseases.
