Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Biosensors have been used recently to analyze and detect the different aspects of cancer, PSA
(prostate specific antigen, tumors, cancer biomarkers, cancer cell proliferation), etc. Some of
these studies include those on:
(a) A nanoparticle label/immunochromatographic electrochemical biosensor for rapid and
sensitive detection of PSA (
Lin et al., 2008a,b,c
),
(b) Multilayers enzyme-coated carbon nanotubes as a biolabel for ultrasensitive CL immu-
noassay of cancer biomarker (
Bi et al., 2009
),
(c) Simultaneous detection of free and total PSA on a screen-printed electrochemical dual
sensor (
Escamilla-Gomez et al., 2009
),
(d) Cell-based immobilization strategy for sensitive piezoelectric immunoassay of total
PSA (
Ding et al., 2008
),
(e) Optical protein sensor for detecting cancer markers in saliva (
Tan et al., 2008
),
(f) Enhancement of sensitivity and specificity by surface modification of carbon nanotubes
in diagnosis of prostate cancer based on carbon nanotube field effect transistors (
Kim
et al., 2009
),
(g) Amperometric microimmunosensor for the detection of tumor biomarker (
Prabhulkar
et al., 2009
),
(h) Nano-bio-chips for high performance multiplexed protein detection: determination of
cancer biomarkers in serum and saliva using quantum dot bioconjugate labels (
Jokerst
et al., 2009
),
(i) Tracking cancer cell proliferation on a CMOS capacitance sensor chip
(Prakash and
Abshire (2008)
),
(j) A new immunosensor for breast cancer cell detection using antibody-coated long alkylsilane
self-assembled monolayers in a parallel plate flow chamber (
Ehrhart et al., 2008
),
(k) Colorimetric multiplexed immunoassay for sequential detection of tumor markers
(
Wang et al., 2009a,b
), and
(l)
Impedance studies of biobehavior and chemosensitivity of cancer cells by microelec-
trode arrays (
Liu et al., 2009
).
Daniel et al. (2008) have recently developed an implantable diagnostic device for cancer
monitoring. They have used this to monitor cancer in different mice. They assert that biopsies
are essential to provide information for cancer diagnosis. But, because of their invasiveness,
alternate forms of cancer monitoring are required, especially for the local environment of the
cancer. These authors report that their device could be left behind in the body during the
biopsy. Their device uses a semipermeable membrane that contains the nanoparticle mag-
netic relaxation switches. They further point out the transverse relaxation time of their
implantable device in tumor-bearing mice was 20
10% lower than those observed in con-
trol mice after 1 day by mRI (magnetic resonance imaging). These authors report that the
short-term applications for their implantable device are far-reaching.
