Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
FSS
FST
EST
PRB
TEC
Polish retention initial
Polish retention after 6,000 strokes
FIGURE 2.7
Gloss retention of composites. FSS  Filtek™ Supreme nanofill composite standard
shade A2B, FST  Filtek™ Supreme nanofill composite translucent shade CT (3M
ESPE Dental Products), EST  EsthetX® microhybrid composite (Dentsply Caulk),
PRB  Premise™ nanohybrid composite body shade A3 (Kerr Dental), TEC  Tetric
Evoceram® nanohybrid composite A3 (Ivoclar Vivadent).
From Ref. [46] .
et al. [52] . The composite containing nanoclusters (Filtek Supreme) demonstrated distinctive and
unique patterns of response to pre-loading. Cyclic pre-loading at 20 and 50 N significantly increased
the Weibull modulus of both the standard shades and translucent shades of this material. The biax-
ial flexural strength of this nanofill composite was maintained or significantly increased compared
to other composites used in this study following 20 and 50 N cyclic pre-load. Thus, the nanoclusters
were found to provide a distinct reinforcing mechanism compared with the microhybrids, microfills,
or nanohybrid composite systems, resulting in significant improvements to the strength and reliability,
irrespective of the environmental and storage conditions. It was hypothesized that silane infiltration
within the interstices of the nanoclusters may modify the response to pre-loading induced stresses,
thereby enhancing damage tolerance and providing the potential for improved clinical performance.
2.5 CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH DENTAL MATERIALS CONTAINING
NANOPARTICLES
Several clinical investigations on the performance of restorations using the nanofill composite Filtek
Supreme have demonstrated that the material is suitable for long-term universal application to restore
the dentition providing both excellent aesthetics, mechanical function, and wear resistance. In a clini-
cal evaluation of this material in anterior teeth after 3 years the surface polish was reported to remain
high throughout study and the composite appeared to display a “self-polishing” effect [53] . The per-
formance of the same nanofill resin composite was found to be efficacious for clinical use in stress-
bearing posterior restorations as reported by Ernst et al. [54] in a 2-year in-vivo study. Randomized
clinical trial to evaluate the clinical performance and wear of the nanocomposite Filtek Supreme was
 
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