Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
21
Nanodiagnostics in Microbiology
and Dentistry
M. Mehta,
1
and K. Subramani
2
1
Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
2
Department of Orthodontics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
CONTENTS
21.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................366
21.2 Nanomaterials ..............................................................................................................................367
21.2.1 Applications of Nanomaterials ............................................................................... 367
21.2.1.1 Sunscreens and Cosmetics ...............................................................................367
21.2.1.2 Composites .......................................................................................................367
21.2.1.3 Clays.................................................................................................................367
21.2.1.4 Coatings and Surfaces.......................................................................................367
21.2.1.5 Tougher and Harder Cutting Tools .....................................................................368
21.3 Biomedical Applications of Nanotechnology and Its Limitations .......................................................368
21.4 Nanotechnology Applications in Drug Delivery Systems, Nanodiagnostics and Various Other Fields ...368
21.4.1 Drug Delivery System............................................................................................ 368
21.4.1.1 Nanobots and its Uses ..................................................................................... 368
21.4.1.2 Use of Nanorattles ........................................................................................... 369
21.4.2 Nanodiagnostics and Disease Prevention ................................................................ 369
21.4.2.1 Biosensors ........................................................................................................369
21.4.2.2 Diagnosis Using Nanobots.................................................................................370
21.4.2.3 Quantum Dots...................................................................................................370
21.4.2.4 Regenerative Medicine......................................................................................371
21.4.3 Disease Prevention ............................................................................................... 371
21.4.3.1 Cardiovascular Interventions..............................................................................371
21.4.3.2 Nanoparticles and the Blood-Brain Barrier: As Treatment Opportunity ...............371
21.4.3.3 Tissue Reconstruction .......................................................................................372
21.4.3.4 Medical Tools ....................................................................................................372
21.4.4 Other Applications................................................................................................ 372
21.4.4.1 Treatment of Injured Nerves ..............................................................................372
21.4.4.2 Nanocapsules ...................................................................................................373
21.4.4.3 Nanotubes ........................................................................................................373
21.4.4.4 Nanosomes.......................................................................................................374
21.4.4.5 Nanowires.........................................................................................................374
