Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
19
Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery
Systems for Oral Cancer
Treatment
K. Subramani,
1
and
W. Ahmed
2
1
Department of Orthodontics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
2
Institute of Nanotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
CONTENTS
19.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................333
19.2 Cancer Treatment Techniques ........................................................................................................334
19.3 Mechanism of Action of Chemotherapeutic Agents ..........................................................................335
19.3.1 Prevention of Synthesis of Pre-DNA Molecule Building Blocks .................................. 335
19.3.2 Chemical Damage of DNA in the Cell Nuclei ............................................................335
19.4 Oral Cancer ..................................................................................................................................335
19.5 TNM Classification of Tumors.........................................................................................................336
19.6 Management of Oral Cancer...........................................................................................................336
19.7 Nanoparticulate-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment ..............................................................338
19.7.1 Gold Nanoparticles for Anticarcinogenic Drug Delivery ............................................. 339
19.7.2 Liposomes in Oral Cancer Treatment ...................................................................... 340
19.7.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles in Oral Cancer Treatment.................................................... 342
19.7.4 Polymeric Micelles as Drug Delivery Systems ...........................................................342
19.8 Conclusions..................................................................................................................................343
References ............................................................................................................................................343
19.1
INTRODUCTION
Nanotechnology has been evolving rapidly with much more potential impacts in the treatment of
chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes, respiratory diseases such as asthma, and ocular dis-
eases, and in gene therapy. Scientific community worldwide has been working toward discovering
“nanoscale” solutions to treat these diseases by using nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems.
There has been a remarkable progress over the last decade in the development of nanoparticles as
effective drug carrier systems. The recent advances and applications of such systems toward the treat-
ment of oral cancer are discussed in the following sections.
