Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
17
Nanoindentation Techniques for
the Determination of Mechanical
Properties of Materials in
Dentistry
J. Men ˇík,
University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
CONTENTS
17.1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................289
17.2
Basic Information from the Load-Displacement Curves ...................................................................291
17.2.1 Hardness and Elastic Modulus.............................................................................. 291
17.2.2 Harmonic Contact Stiffness.................................................................................. 292
17.2.3 Work of Indentation and Other Information from
P-h
Curves.................................... 293
17.2.4 Indenter Calibration..............................................................................................293
17.3 Characterization of Inelastic Properties.........................................................................................294
17.3.1 Stress-Strain Diagram ......................................................................................... 294
17.3.2 Yield Stress .........................................................................................................295
17.4 Determination of Properties in Nonhomogeneous Bodies ................................................................296
17.4.1 Surface Layers and Coatings................................................................................. 296
17.4.2 Multiphase Microstructure.....................................................................................298
17.5 Characterization of Time-Dependent Load Response.......................................................................298
17.6 Resistance Against Crack Propagation ..........................................................................................301
17.7 Scratch Tests for the Evaluation of Friction and Wear Resistance....................................................302
17.8 Devices for Nanoindentation .........................................................................................................303
Acknowledgment ...................................................................................................................................304
References ............................................................................................................................................304
17.1
INTRODUCTION
A good knowledge of mechanical properties of teeth is necessary for their effective repairs and for the
development of advanced restorative materials. The choice of suitable methods is limited because of a
very small size of a tooth. A modern test method, which enables measurement of important mechani-
cal properties, is nanoindentation
[1,2]
. With this method, a hard tip is pressed into the specimen, and
