Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
2
Nanoparticles for Dental
Materials: Synthesis, Analysis,
and Applications
S.B. Mitra
3M ESPE Dental Products Division 3M Company, St. Paul, MN, USA
CONTENTS
2.1 Introduction: Why Use Nanoparticles?................................................................................................16
2.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles ................................................................................................................16
2.2.1 Synthesis by Mechanical Attrition................................................................................ 17
2.2.2 Synthesis Through Sol-Gel Process ............................................................................. 17
2.2.2.1 Functionalization of Oxide Nanoparticles ...................................................................19
2.2.3 Synthesis of Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles ................................................................... 19
2.2.4 Synthesis of Polymer-Templated Nanoparticles ............................................................. 20
2.3 Examples of Dental Materials Using Nanoparticles..............................................................................20
2.3.1 Nanocomposites Containing Oxide Nanoparticles .......................................................... 20
2.3.1.1 Nanofill Composites ..................................................................................................21
2.3.1.2 Nanohybrid Composites............................................................................................22
2.3.2 Silsesquioxane-Based Composites ............................................................................... 23
2.3.3 Calcium Phosphate and Calcium Fluoride Nanoparticles-Based Composites .................... 25
2.3.4 Nanoparticles in Glass Ionomer Systems ...................................................................... 25
2.3.5 Nanotechnology in Dental Adhesives............................................................................ 26
2.4 Selected Properties of Dental Materials Containing Nanoparticles .......................................................26
2.4.1 Optical Properties ...................................................................................................... 26
2.4.2 Wear Properties ......................................................................................................... 27
2.4.3 Mechanical Properties................................................................................................ 28
2.5 Clinical Experience with Dental Materials Containing Nanoparticles ....................................................29
2.6 Conclusions......................................................................................................................................30
References ..............................................................................................................................................30
