Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
15
Surface Engineering of Dental
Tools with Diamond for Improved
Life and Performance
W. Ahmed,
1
H. Sein,
2
M. Jackson,
3
C. Rego,
2
I.U. Hassan,
4
K. Subramani,
5
and J. Yazdani
1
1
Insitute of Nanotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Lancashire, Preston, UK
2
School of Biology, Chemistry and Health Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester St, Manchester, UK
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, IN, USA
4
School of Mathematics and Sciences, Dofar University, Dofar, Oman
5
Department of Orthodontics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
CONTENTS
15.1 Tooth Materials............................................................................................................................240
15.2 Dental Burs..................................................................................................................................241
15.3 Chemical Vapor Deposition of Diamond Films onto Dental Burs .......................................................244
15.3.1 Plasma-Enhanced CVD ......................................................................................... 245
15.3.1.1 Microwave Plasma-Enhanced CVD...................................................................245
15.3.1.2 RF Plasma-Enhanced CVD ..............................................................................245
15.3.1.3 DC Plasma-Enhanced CVD ..............................................................................246
15.3.2 Hot Filament CVD ................................................................................................ 246
15.3.2.1 Growth Mechanisms ........................................................................................246
15.3.2.2 Filament Characteristics...................................................................................248
15.3.2.3 Diamond Nucleation Process ...........................................................................249
15.3.3 Controlling Structure and Morphology .................................................................... 250
15.3.3.1 Effects of Temperature.....................................................................................250
15.3.3.2 Effect of Negative BEN on the Dental Bur.........................................................254
15.3.3.3 Effects of Substrate Preparation on Diamond Deposition...................................259
15.4 Bur Performance Investigations ....................................................................................................259
15.4.1 Tool Preparation................................................................................................... 259
15.4.2 CVD Diamond Deposition on the Dental Burs .......................................................... 259
15.4.3 Dental Bur Machining: Drilling Experiments ........................................................... 259
15.4.4 Dental Bur Machining: Machining Experiments on Human Teeth .............................. 260
15.4.5 Performance Testing............................................................................................. 261
15.4.6 Drilling Experiments............................................................................................. 263
15.4.7 Performance Results ............................................................................................ 263
15.5 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................269
References ............................................................................................................................................269
