Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
10
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes/
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
Incorporated GTR Membranes
Q. Cai, X. Yang
College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
CONTENTS
10.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................151
10.2 Periodontal Defects and GTR.........................................................................................................152
10.2.1 Studies Using Nonresorbable Membranes .............................................................. 153
10.2.2 Studies Using Bioresorbable Membranes ............................................................... 153
10.2.3 Layer-Designed Membranes for GTR ...................................................................... 154
10.3 Use of Electrospinning for Preparation of Nanocomposites .............................................................155
10.3.1 Electrospinning ................................................................................................... 155
10.3.2 CNTs Incorporated into Nanofibers ........................................................................ 156
10.3.3 Organic-Inorganic Composite Nanofibers ............................................................... 157
10.4 GTR Membranes Based on Electrospun CNT/HA Nanoparticles
Incorporated Composite Nanofibers
10.4.1 Fabrication of PLLA and PLLA/HA Composite Nanofibers 159
10.4.2 Fabrication of PLLA/MWCNTs/HA Composite Nanofibers 159
10.4.3 Characterization of PLLA/MWCNTs/HA Composite Nanofibers 160
10.4.4 Cell Culture on PLLA/MWCNTs/HA Composite Nanofibers Membranes....................... 161
10.4.5 In-Vivo Implantation of PLLA/MWCNTs/HA Membranes............................................ 162
10.5 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................165
References ............................................................................................................................................165
10.1
INTRODUCTION
The periodontium is a topographically complex organ consisting of epithelial tissue, soft and mineral-
ized connective tissue. The structures comprise the gingiva, periodontal ligament (PDL), cementum,
and alveolar bone. Several diseases affect the composition and integrity of periodontal structures, which
gradually caused the destruction of the connective tissue matrix and cells, the loss of fibrous attach-
ment, and the resorption of alveolar bone. Bone defects associated with periodontal diseases may be
regarded as risk sites for periodontal destruction. These changes often lead to tooth loss eventually
[1]
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