Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
by connecting the points f(x
i
;y
i
)g
i=0
successively, by means of straight lines.
Next, consider the so-called CUSUM (cumulative sum) \diagram" given by
fi=n ;
P
i=1
(i)
=ng
i=0
. Then,
i
X
fv
i
g
i=1
= slogcmfi=n ;
(j)
=ng
i=0
;
j=1
0
while
i
X
fv
i
g
i=1
=
@
slogcmfi=n ;
(j)
=ng
i=0
^
0
;
j=1
1
A
:
i
X
(m+j)
=ng
nm
slogcmfi=n ;
i=0
_
0
j=1
The maximum and minimum in the above display are interpreted as be-
ing taken component-wise. The limiting versions of the MLEs (appropriately
centered and scaled) have similar characterizations as in the above displays.
It turns out that for determining the behavior of LRS(
0
), only the behavior
of the MLEs in a shrinking neighborhood of the point t
0
matters. This is a
consequence of the fact that D
n
ft : F
n
(t) 6= F
n
(t)g is an interval around
t
0
whose length is O
p
(n
1=3
). Interest therefore centers on the processes
X
n
(h) = n
1=3
( F
n
(t
0
+ hn
1=3
) F(t
0
)) and
Y
n
(h) = n
1=3
( F
n
(t
0
+ hn
1=3
) F(t
0
))
for h in compacts. The point h corresponds to a generic point in the interval
D
n
. The distributional limits of the processes X
n
and Y
n
are described as
follows: For a real-valued function f dened onR, let slogcm(f;I) denote
the left-hand slope of the GCM of the restriction of f to the interval I. We
abbreviate slogcm(f;R) to slogcm(f). Also dene
slogcm
0
(f) = (slogcm(f; (1; 0])^0)1(1; 0] + (slogcm(f; (0;1))_0)1(0;1) :
For positive constants c;d, let X
c;d
(h) = cW(h) + dh
2
. Set g
c;d
(h) =
slogcm(X
c;d
)(h) and g
c;d
(h) = slogcm
0
(X
c;d
)(h). Then, for every positive K,
(X
n
(h);Y
n
(h)) !
d
(g
a;b
(h);g
a;b
(h)) in L
2
[K;K] L
2
[K;K] ;
(3.5)
Search WWH ::
Custom Search