Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
5
Nanoparticles, Properties, and
Applications in Glass Ionomer
Cements
Abdul Samad Khan
a
, Maria Khan
b
and Ihtesham Ur Rehman
c
a
Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,
Lahore, Pakistan
b
Department of Dentistry, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
c
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Kroto Research Institute,
University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
CHAPTER OUTLINE
5.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................
93
5.2 Smart dental materials ...................................................................................................................
94
5.3 Nanotechnology and dentistry .........................................................................................................
94
5.4 Glass ionomer cement ....................................................................................................................
95
5.5 Modified GIC..................................................................................................................................
97
5.6 Resin-modified nano-glass ionomer composites ...............................................................................
98
5.7 Nanoparticles-based GIC ..............................................................................................................
103
5.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................................................
105
References .........................................................................................................................................
106
5.1
Introduction
Dentistry is a much developed field in the last few decades. New techniques have changed the
conventional treatment methods as applications of new dental materials give better outcomes.
The current century has suddenly forced on dentistry a new paradigm regarding expected standards
for state-of-the-art patient care. Traditional methods and procedures that have served the profession
well are being questioned within the context of evidence-based rationales and emerging informa-
tion/technologies. Dental materials science for restorative dentistry is derived from material
science. Material science is classified into four categories: metals, ceramics, polymers, and compo-
sites. Each of these materials has characteristic microstructures and resulting properties
[1]
. A large
number of materials have been used in dentistry for a wide spectrum of applications
[2]
.
