Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 19.2
Nanoceramics with Bone Scaffold Characteristics—Available for Clinical Use
Product
Name
Approved Clinical
Applications
Material Composition
Special Considerations
nanOss
s
Nano-HA
Orthopedics
Intended for bony voids or
gaps that are not intrinsic to
the stability of bony structure
nanOss
TM
Bioactive
Loaded
nanOss
TM
Bioactive 3D
Nanohydroxyapatite plus
collagen-based biopolymer
nano-HA suspended in a
gelatin-based foam
Orthopedics
Indicated to be gently
packed into bony voids or
gaps in the spine in
conjunction with bone
marrow aspirate or bone
marrow aspirate and
autograft bone; to be used in
osseous defects surgically
created or from traumatic
injury
Ostim
s
Nano-HA
water paste
Craniomaxillofacial (intrabony
periodontal defects; lateral
ridge augmentation)
Histological evidence for
incomplete resorption 7
months postsurgery and
limited healing potential
[20]
1
Nanogen
s
s website
2
claims (data not yet
published) of controlled
degradation over 12 weeks
compared to 4
Nanocrystalline CS
compressed granules of
nanosized CS to form
particles ranging from
400
Craniomaxillofacial (stand-
alone bone graft, in
combination with or a
resorbable barrier over other
bone grafts, periodontal
intraosseous defects,
apicoectomy, root
perforations, dehiscence and
fenestrations, sinus lifting)
Manufacturer
'
1000
ÎĽ
m
5 weeks of
traditional CS; case report of
good bone regeneration at
extraction sites 6 months
post grafting
[61]
;no
published clinical studies
to date
used here result in favorable bone regeneration at extraction sites, additional studies are warranted
to ascertain if the surface area and degradation properties of NanoGen
s
are suitable for other sites
where regeneration of bone is the desired endpoint. Since the ultimate goal of most bone grafting
procedures is the restoration of the defect site with vital bone and the complete resorption of the
grafting material as the bone regenerative processes ensue, development of processes that lead to a
controlled degradation of a biocompatible, osteoconductive material such as CS, are critically
important for clinical advances in the field of bone tissue engineering.
19.8
Conclusions
Some recent papers have addressed the difficulties in achieving translation of bone tissue engineer-
ing from concept and laboratory studies to clinical therapies
[5,62,63]
. It has been argued that
