Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
15
Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for
Periodontal Regeneration and
Applications in Dentistry
Sandhra M. Carvalho, Agda A.R. Oliveira, Elke M.F. Lemos and Marivalda M. Pereira
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Minas Gerais, Brasil
CHAPTER OUTLINE
15.1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................
299
15.2 Composition and synthesis of bioactive glass nanoparticles .........................................................
300
15.3 Bioactivity of glass nanoparticles ...............................................................................................
303
15.4 Bioactive glass in dentistry.........................................................................................................
305
15.5 Bioactive glass nanoparticles in periodontal regeneration ............................................................
309
15.6 Bioactive glass nanocomposites .................................................................................................
312
15.7 Bioactive glass nanocomposite applications in bone regeneration and dental implants ..................
314
15.8 The future of bioactive glass nanoparticles in dentistry ................................................................
315
15.9 Conclusions...............................................................................................................................
317
Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................................................
317
References .........................................................................................................................................
318
15.1
Introduction
Bioactive glasses were first developed by Hench et al. in 1969, and represent a group of reactive
materials that are able to bond to mineralized bone tissue in physiological environment. Bioactive
glasses are widely used in the biomedical area. Early applications of bioactive glasses were in the
form of solid pieces for small bone replacement in middle ear surgery
[1,2]
. Later, several applica-
tions of bioactive glasses have been proposed, including the dental field. Recently, bioactive glasses
have been widely studied for potential application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
A range of bioactive glasses with attractive properties, like biocompatibility and bioactivity, and
synthesized by newer methods have been developed. Various investigations have been undertaken
to obtain bioactive glasses in different forms, such as bulk, powder, composites, and porous
scaffolds.
