Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
CHAPTER
13
Nanoparticle Coating of
Orthodontic Appliances for
Friction Reduction
Meir Redlich
a
and Reshef Tenne
b
a
NanoMediCOT
(Nanotechnologies for medical and healthcare applications) Israel
b
Department of Materials Research, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100
t
CHAPTER OUTLINE
13.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 260
13.2 Friction in orthodontics .............................................................................................................. 260
13.3 Materials considerations: fullerene-like nanoparticles ................................................................. 263
13.3.1 Prelude: inorganic fullerene-like nanoparticles of WS
2
and MoS
2
.............................. 263
13.3.2 Synthesis............................................................................................................. 264
13.3.3 Self-lubricating surfaces ....................................................................................... 265
13.4 Orthodontic appliances coated with nanoparticles ....................................................................... 266
13.4.1 Challenges in designing the experimental setup ...................................................... 266
13.4.2 Coating process and tribological measurements....................................................... 267
13.4.2.1 SS wires with IF-WS
2
impregnated in electroless nickelphosphorous film ..... 267
13.4.2.2 SS wires with IF-WS
2
impregnated in electrocodeposition nickel film.............. 267
13.4.2.3 NiTi wires with cobalt and IF-WS
2
film by electroplating procedure: ............. 267
13.4.3 Coating adhesion and wear .................................................................................... 268
13.4.4 In vitro friction force tests ..................................................................................... 269
13.4.4.1 SS wires with IF-WS
2
NP impregnated in electroless NiP film ..................... 270
13.4.4.2 SS wires with IF-WS
2
impregnated in electrocodeposition of nickel film .......... 272
13.4.4.3 NiTi wires with cobalt and IF-WS
2
film by electroplating procedure .............. 272
13.5 Safety: toxicity and biocompatibility............................................................................................ 274
13.6 Conclusions: from the lab to the clinic ........................................................................................ 276
Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................... 277
References ......................................................................................................................................... 277
